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Cheirodendron forbesii

(Sherff) Lowry (1987)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Apiales Family: Araliaceae Genus: Cheirodendron

‘ōlapa, lapalapa

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees 3–4.5 m tall; secretory canals present in most parts.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound (palmate). Opposite. Leaflets 3 (occasionally 5 on juvenile leaves), elliptic to ovate, 5–12 cm long and less than 1⁄2 as wide. Apex rounded-acute to acuminate. Base narrowly cuneate to attenuate. Blades subcoriaceous. midvein, margins, petiolule, and petiole usually tinged purple, petiolule often laterally compressed. Margins entire. Veins strongly sunken on upper surface in dried material (weakly so in juvenile leaves). Petioles base often broad and sheathing the stem. Petioles 3–7(–10 in juvenile leaves) cm long, petiolules 0.5–1.5 cm long, subterete. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in terminal, erect, oppositely branched panicles of umbellules. Inflorescences up to 10 cm long. Bracts minute, subconnate, persistent, forming an involucel below the umbellules and pseudocalyx below each flower; pedicels 3–6 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect) and functionally staminate (the plants andromonoecious). Calyx of 5 short, basally connate teeth. Corolla of 5(6) petals, buds dark purple, mature petals purple externally, greenish within, valvate, caducous, triangular to ovate or oblong, apex inflexed. Stamens usually as many as and alternate with the petals, sometimes numerous, distinct, inserted at the edge of the epigynous nectary disk; 5, pale yellow, spreading. Ovary inferior, (4)5-carpellate, carpels connate (rarely pseudomonomerous), with as many cells; ovules pendulous, 2 per cell, 1 abortive; styles (4)5, 1–1.5 mm long, connate 1⁄2–¾ their length into a conical-cylindrical stylopodium, the distinct arms divergent to spreading.

Fruit: Drupes green; ripening dark purple; exocarp fleshy; globose; or laterally compressed and orbicular or oblate to ovoid or obovoid; 3–7.5 mm long; pyrenes cartilaginous; laterally compressed; as many as styles. [Gaudichaud–Beaupé; 1830; Gray; 1854a; Heller; 1897; Herat; 1981; Hochreutiner; 1925; Krajina; 1931; Leveille; 1911a; St. John; 1959; Seemann; 1864–1868; Sherff; 1951c; 1952a; 1954a; 1962]; globose; weakly (4)5–sided (strongly ribbed when dry); 4–5 mm long (incl. styles). Seeds 1 per pyrene; embryo small.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in wet forest.

Elevation Range: 630–900 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Pumehana Imada
  • This taxon was originally described as Cheirodendron kauaiense var. forbesii, but clearly warrants recognition at the species level. A possible hybrid involving C. forbesii and C. fauriei (Lowry 3515, BISH, F, K, MO, NY, P, US) was re

Bibliography

Name Published In: Pacific Sci. 40: 80 (1986 publ. 1987)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:227 (K)

Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, Vols. 1 and 2 (No. Edn 2). University of Hawai'i and Bishop Museum Press.

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. mill, s.w.; flynn, t. collector number: 5377 Kauai BISH 5/28/1984
2 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 257.k. Hawaii US
3 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros - Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 23675 Kauai PTBG 8/30/2013
4 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet forest in gulch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Merlin Edmonds ME335 Kauai PTBG 6/2/2015
5 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros - Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 23674 Kauai PTBG 8/30/2013
6 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Chelsea Osaki Osaki 62 Kauai PTBG 8/30/2013
7 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Disturbed Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland windward Forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 3259 Kauai PTBG 8/8/2012
8 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros lowland wet forest bordered by steep slopes of Dicranopteris and Diplopterygium matting ferns PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 17361 Kauai PTBG 4/18/2017
9 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros - Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 23673 Kauai PTBG 8/30/2013
10 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wayside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. gagne 579 Kauai US 9/4/1970
11 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 257.k. Kauai US
12 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN S. P. Perlman, W. Kishida & C. Osaki 23675 Kauai US 8/30/2013
13 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN S. P. Perlman, W. Kishida & C. Osaki 23674 Kauai US 8/30/2013
14 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, w. kishida & c. osaki 23674 Oahu US 8/30/2013
15 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, w. kishida & c. osaki 23675 Kauai US 8/30/2013
16 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood, L. Behnke, N. Barca, C. Statler & A. Rey 17361 Kauai US 4/18/2017
17 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, n. tangalin & w. kishida 14268 Kauai US 7/8/2010
18 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland Windward Wet Forest w/ Metrosideros-Dicranopteris. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 2060 Kauai PTBG 6/23/2009
19 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros -- Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. W/ bobea brevipes, Ilex anomala, Scaevola procera, Kadua affinis, Cheirodendron forbesii, Diplazium sandwichianum, Antidesma platyphylla, Pleomele aurea, Freycinetia arborea, Syzgium sandwicensis, M PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 23674 Kauai BISH 8/30/2013
20 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lowry ii, p.p. collector number: 3515 Kauai BISH 10/4/1984
21 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Saturated Selaginella arbuscula basalt cliff with windswept shrubland and lowland wet forest. W/ Dicranopteris, Pneumatopteris, Machaerina angustifolia, Metrosideros spp, Cheirodendron spp, Kauda affinis, Broussaisia arguta, Freycinetia, Dubautia knudsenii & D. laxa, Perrottetia sandwicensis PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. tangalin, n.; kishida, w. collector number: 14268 Kauai BISH 7/8/2010
22 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet-mesic native ridgetop forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Clay Trauernicht 677 Kauai PTBG 1/8/2009
23 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Stunted rainforest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, W.C. 562 Kauai BISH 8/28/1970
24 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland mesic forest. W/Dicranopteris linearis, Metrosideros polymorpha, Antidesma platyphyllum, Psychotria PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Osaki, C.O. 62 Kauai BISH 8/30/2013
25 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 257.k. Kauai BISH 8/8/1909
26 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Closed Metrowideros forest, 8-12 m canopy. Understory dominated by Antidesma w/mixed wet associates, Syzygium, Broussaisia, Perrottetia, Cyrtandra spp, Psychotria spp, Dubautia spp, Labordia spp, Coprosma waimeae, Cheirodendron spp, Tetraplasandra PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 13265 Kauai BISH 9/11/2008
27 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Stunted native rainforest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, W.C. 563 Kauai BISH 8/28/1970
28 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN macdaniels, l.h. collector number: 708a Kauai BISH 2/14/1927
29 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lowry II, P.P. 3515 Kauai BISH 10/4/1984
30 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Closed Metrowideros forest, 8-12 m canopy. Understory dominated by Antidesma w/mixed wet associates, Syzygium, Broussaisia, Perrottetia, Cyrtandra spp, Psychotria spp, Dubautia spp, Labordia spp, Coprosma waimeae, Cheirodendron spp, Tetraplasandra PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. collector number: 13265 Kauai BISH 9/11/2008
31 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christensen, C. 85 Kauai BISH 10/23/1976
32 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 2222 Kauai BISH 11/3/1971
33 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 266.K. Kauai BISH 8/1/1909
34 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros -- Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. W/ bobea brevipes, Ilex anomala, Scaevola procera, Kadua affinis, Cheirodendron forbesii, Diplazium sandwichianum, Antidesma platyphylla, Pleomele aurea, Freycinetia arborea, Syzgium sandwicensis, M PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 23675 Kauai BISH 8/30/2013
35 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information W side before plateau area on summit. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, W.C. 579 Kauai BISH 9/4/1970
36 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 266.K. Kauai BISH 8/1/1909
37 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 28 Kauai BISH 11/21/1968
38 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 270.k. Hawaii BISH 8/8/1909
39 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Stunted native rainforest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, w.c. collector number: 563 Kauai BISH 8/28/1970
40 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 270.K. Kauai BISH 8/1/1909
41 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. read, r.; read, b.; harder, d.; weiss, s. collector number: 2056 Maui BISH 2/27/1987
42 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 266.k. Kauai BISH 8/8/1909
43 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Stunted rainforest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, w.c. collector number: 562 Kauai BISH 8/28/1970
44 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 28 Kauai BISH 11/21/1968
45 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Saturated Selaginella arbuscula basalt cliff with windswept shrubland and lowland wet forest. W/ Dicranopteris, Pneumatopteris, Machaerina angustifolia, Metrosideros spp, Cheirodendron spp, Kauda affinis, Broussaisia arguta, Freycinetia, Dubautia knudsenii & D. laxa, Perrottetia sandwicensis PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 14268 Kauai BISH 7/8/2010
46 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN christensen, c. collector number: 85 Kauai BISH 10/23/1976
47 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN MacDaniels, L.H. 708A Kauai BISH 2/14/1927
48 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information W side before plateau area on summit. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, w.c. collector number: 579 Kauai BISH 9/4/1970
49 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros -- Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. W/ bobea brevipes, Ilex anomala, Scaevola procera, Kadua affinis, Cheirodendron forbesii, Diplazium sandwichianum, Antidesma platyphylla, Pleomele aurea, Freycinetia arborea, Syzgium sandwicensis, M PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 23673 Kauai BISH 8/30/2013
50 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. Not on sheet Kauai BISH 8/26/1982
51 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 2222 Kauai BISH 11/3/1971
52 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 257.K. Kauai BISH 8/1/1909
53 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. collector number: s.n. Kauai BISH 8/26/1982
54 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Rain forest on steep slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, w.c. collector number: 574 Kauai BISH 9/2/1970
55 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Stunted forest dominated by Metrosideros and Dicranopteris on boggy substrate. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2056 Kauai BISH 2/27/1987
56 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 266.k. Kauai BISH 8/8/1909
57 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Rain forest on steep slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, W.C. 574 Kauai BISH 9/2/1970
58 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information slopes PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, l. behnke, n. barca, c. statler & a. rey 17361 MIN 4/18/2017
59 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Damp treetrunk. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN m. edmonds, c. nagle, m. khalsa & j. guss me335 MIN 6/2/2015
60 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Chelsea Osaki Osaki 61 Kauai PTBG 8/30/2013
61 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros polymorpha var. glaberrima wet forest. Along side of stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Seana Walsh SKW740 Kauai PTBG 12/12/2019
62 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Saturated Selaginella arbuscula basalt cliff with windswept shrubland and lowland wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 14268 Kauai PTBG 7/8/2010
63 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Derral Herbst 2222 Kauai PTBG 11/3/1971
64 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Chelsea Osaki Osaki 63 Kauai PTBG 8/30/2013
65 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dense, dwarfed forest dominated by Metrosideros and Eugenia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN John J. Fay 258 Kauai PTBG 12/5/1974
66 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland mesic. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Chelsea Osaki Osaki 50 Kauai PTBG 8/28/2013
67 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Riparian communities w/ Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Lowland Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 724 Kauai PTBG 3/26/1993
68 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Closed Metrosideros forest, 8-12 m canopy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 13265 Kauai PTBG 9/11/2008
69 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Stunted forest on boggy substrate. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2056 Kauai PTBG 2/27/1987
70 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland mesic. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Chelsea Osaki Osaki 51 Kauai PTBG 8/28/2013
71 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland mesic. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Chelsea Osaki Osaki 49 Kauai PTBG 8/28/2013
72 Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5377 Kauai BISH 5/28/1984
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